A lithotripsy machine typically uses a specialized component called a “capacitor” to generate the high-energy shock waves used to break up kidney stones or gallstones. These shock waves are produced by rapidly discharging the stored energy in the capacitor through a series of electrodes, focusing the energy onto the stone to fragment it. The capacitor acts as a temporary energy storage device, allowing the machine to deliver the necessary energy in short, intense bursts. The size and specifications of the capacitor depend on the specific design and power requirements of the lithotripsy machine.